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Summiting Sani Pass in the uKhahlamba Drakensberg

Sani Pass is one of the most iconic routes into the uKhahlamba‑Drakensberg, linking South Africa with Lesotho. Known for its steep gradients, dramatic drop-offs and rugged terrain, it remains a thrilling challenge—and one of the most scenic mountain passes in Southern Africa.

Rising from roughly 1,544 m at Underberg to 2,876 m at the summit, the pass takes passengers on a transformative journey through multiple vegetation zones. Whether you’re a 4×4 enthusiast, hiker or day-tripper, Sani Pass offers panoramic views, wildlife sightings and a passport stamp at Lesotho’s border post—capped off with a drink at the Highest Pub in Africa.

A view of the famous switchbacks that indicate the final stretch of the pass.
The famous switchbacks that indicate the final stretch of the pass.

Sani Pass highlights

  • Journey up Sani Pass, Southern Africa’s legendary mountain pass
  • Traverse the Drakensberg UNESCO World Heritage Site
  • Visit Lesotho and collect a commemorative stamp
  • Spectacular views over Mkhomazana Valley and alpine biome transitions
  • 4×4 adventure on gravel with gradients of up to 1:3
  • Spot high-altitude birds and unique flora
  • Celebrate atop at the Highest Pub in Africa (2,874 m)
  • Discover the ruins of the Good Hope Trading Post
  • Choose between self-drive, guided tour or even hike the pass
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About Sani Pass

Sani Pass lies at the interface between KwaZulu‑Natal and Lesotho, winding along the Great Escarpment. The southern Drakensberg here reaches nearly 3,500 m, with basalt formations and deep valleys forming a dramatic backdrop.

A view of the gully to the top of the Sani Pass.
The view through the final gully to the top of the Sani Pass.

Expect steep, gravel and sometimes icy drive conditions—especially from May to October—though major upgrades have tamed parts of the journey.

The road cuts through various biomes, from montane grasslands to Afromontane forest, offering wildlife and birding opportunities—over 160 bird species have been recorded on the pass.

The epic backdrop of the uKhahlamba Drakensberg Mountains.
The epic backdrop of the uKhahlamba Drakensberg Mountains.

At the base sits the Good Hope Trading Post ruins, relics of early trading routes. The journey culminates with a triumphant border crossing into Lesotho, where you can enjoy a drink at the Highest Pub in Africa, perched at 2,874 m.

The ruins of the old Good Hope Trading Station at the base of the mountain.
The ruins of the old Good Hope Trading Station at the base of the mountain.

Despite concerns from 4×4 purists, the KZN Department of Transport completed a significant gravel upgrade by 2022, with further extensions (particularly from the border to summit) planned for 2025–26. That means the iconic pass experience is still largely intact—but evolving.

A view of the Drakensberg escarpment near Sani Pass.
The Drakensberg escarpment near Sani Pass.

Sani Pass Description (How to Do It)

  • Access & Permit Requirements
    From Himeville or Underberg, follow the R617 and Sani Pass Road into the start point. You’ll encounter the South African border post (open 06:00–18:00) before the steep ascent begins.
  • Driving the Climb
    The climb is about 9 km, with gradients reaching 1:3 (sometimes more) and hairpin bends. A 4×4 vehicle with good clearance is mandatory—no exceptions. The past decade has seen some tarring and drainage improvements near the base, but the most challenging upper sections remain gravel.
  • Preparing for Altitude
    Ascending 1,300 m in under 10 km exposes you to thinner air, colder weather and potential altitudinal ailments. Dress in layers and prepare for sudden weather changes even in summer.
  • Border & Summit:
    You’ll pass both South African and Lesotho border posts close to the summit. A valid passport is essential. The summit rewards you with panoramic views and a visit to the Highest Pub in Africa.
A view over the mountains from the top of Sani Pass.
The views from the top of Sani Pass are reward enough for the effort of getting there.

Map of Sani Pass

Our Experience on Sani Pass

We’ve travelled Sani Pass both on our own and as part of a guided tour, and each time it’s been a memorable adventure. We always aim to get to the South African border gate as early as possible when it opens at 06:00, giving ourselves the maximum time to ascend, explore and descend safely.

A car on a gravel road on the way up Sani Pass.
Thomas following the tread marks of the pioneers who have gone before.

In summer, afternoon thunderstorms are common, so we plan to start heading back down around lunchtime to avoid the risk of rain or hail on the steep gravel descent. We also always pack with the possibility of spending the night at the top, just in case the weather turns or the road becomes impassable.

A 4x4 at the top of Sani Pass preparing to descend the mountain.
Currently Sani Pass can only be completed in a sturdy 4×4.

Driving etiquette on the pass is important—vehicles coming uphill have the right of way, so we stay alert and make space where needed. The climb up is thrilling, with panoramic views unfolding at every turn. Reaching the summit and stopping in at the Highest Pub in Africa is always a highlight—there’s something special about warming up by the fire with a drink in hand and that spectacular view outside.

A car descending the Sani Pass on a misty day.
Steep drops and narrow gravel tracks have characterised the Sani Pass since it was first developed.

For us, the descent is always the most nerve-wracking part. The road feels steeper going down, and the drop-offs more dramatic—but we take it slow and steady. With low gear and careful driving, we’ve always made it back down safely, hearts still racing and cameras full of mountain magic.

The easy curves in the road of the lower section of Sani Pass.
The easy curves of the lower section of Sani Pass.

Our Recommendations

  • Don’t rush — Allow 2+ hours for the ascent and descent, plus time for photographs and border stamps.
  • Choose your vehicle wisely — A high-clearance 4×4 is essential. Road cars may be turned back at border control.
  • Breathe easy — Dress in layers, bring winter gear even in summer, and avoid ice or snow months (May–Oct).
  • Stay fuelled at altitude — Enjoy a meal or drink at Sani Mountain Escape; phone ahead as they can get busy.
  • Consider a guided trip — Local operators offer historical insight and logistic ease; ideal if you prefer not to self-drive.
A view of Sani Pass in winter with snow on the mountain tops.
Sani Pass in winter.
A view of Sani Pass in summer.
Sani Pass in summer.

Important information

Opening and Closing Times

  • Daily: Border gates open 06:00 – close 18:00

What to Bring

  • Valid passport + vehicle papers + insurance
  • Warm, layered clothing plus sun protection
  • Food, water and high-energy snacks
  • Camera and binoculars
  • Reliable 4×4 vehicle with recovery gear

Directions

From Underberg/Himeville: R617 → Sani Pass Road → base of pass

Contact Info

  • Sani Mountain Escape (Highest Pub): +27 78 634 7496 (SA) / +266 5736 2101 (Lesotho), res@sanimountain.co.za
  • Underberg/Sani Mountain Lodge (conditions & info): +27 33 702 0330

Entry Fee

Lesotho road tax payable upon entry (cash ZAR accepted)

Best Time to Visit

  • October to April: more favourable weather
  • Avoid May–October for safety and border access

Facilities

  • Restrooms at both border posts and the summit pub
  • Food and souvenirs at Summit lodge

Health & Safety

  • SA border may prohibit unsuitable vehicles—don’t risk it
  • Beware of gravel, ice, snow and altitude effects

Visitor Guidelines

  • Keep to the road edge; don’t stop in blind corners
  • Observe right-of-way rules for uphill vehicles
  • Avoid alcohol before descending

Caution

  • Hairpin bends and drop-offs are tight—drive carefully
  • Border closes at 18:00—plan accordingly

FAQ

No. The gradient and terrain require a high-clearance 4×4. Border officials may turn sedans away.

Yes—Lesotho border control is at the summit, and passports must be valid for at least 6 months.

SADC nationals don’t need a visa; other nationalities may require one. Pay the small road tax in cash.

Mostly gravel. Some lower sections have recent gravel upgrades; last steep parts remain unsealed.

Yes—multiple operators provide day or overnight tours into Lesotho and the summit pub.

What to do next

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